1. What are the elements of design model?
i. Data design
ii.
Architectural design
iii.
Interface design
iv.
Component-level design
2. Define design process.
Design process is
a sequence of steps carried through which the requirements are translated into
a system or software model.
3. List the principles of a software design.
i. The design
process should not suffer from “tunnel vision”
ii. The design
should be traceable to the analysis model.
iii. The design
should exhibit uniformity and integration.
iv. Design is not
coding.
v. The design
should not reinvent the wheel.
4. What is the benefit of modular design?
Changes made
during testing and maintenance becomes manageable and they do not affect other
modules.
5. What is a cohesive module?
A cohesive module
performs only “one task” in software procedure with little interaction with
other modules. In other words cohesive module performs only one thing.
6. What are the different types of Cohesion?
i. Coincidentally
cohesive - The modules in which the set I\of tasks are related with each other
loosely.
ii. Logically cohesive – A module that
performs the tasks that are logically related with each other.
iii. Temporal cohesion – The module in which
the tasks need to be executed in some specific time span.
iv. Procedural cohesion – When processing
elements of a module are related with one another and must be executed in some
specific order.
v.
Communicational cohesion – When the processing elements of a module share the
data then such module is called communicational cohesive.
7. What is coupling?
Coupling is the
measure of interconnection among modules in a program structure. It depends on
the interface complexity between modules.
8. What are the various types of coupling?
i. Data coupling –
The data coupling is possible by parameter passing or data interaction.
ii.
Control coupling – The modules share related control data in control coupling.
iii. Common
coupling – The common data or a global data is shared among modules.
iv.
Content coupling – Content coupling occurs when one module makes use of data or
control information maintained in another module.
9. What are the common activities in design process?
i. System
structuring – The system is subdivided into principle subsystems components and
communications between these subsystems are identified.
ii. Control
modeling – A model of control relationships between different parts of the
system is established.
iii. Modular
decomposition – The identified subsystems are decomposed into modules.
10. What are the
benefits of horizontal partitioning?
i. Software that
is easy to test.
ii. Software that
is easier to maintain.
iii. Propagation
of fewer side effects.
iv. Software that
is easier to extend.
11. What is vertical partitioning?
Vertical
partitioning often called factoring suggests that the control and work should
be distributed top-down in program structure.
12. What are the advantages of vertical partitioning?
i. These are easy to maintain
changes.
ii. They reduce the change impact
and error propagation.
13. What are the various elements of data design?
i. Data object – The data objects
are identified and relationship among various data objects can be represented
using ERD or data dictionaries.
ii. Databases – Using software design
model, the data models are translated into data structures and data bases at
the application level.
iii. Data warehouses – At the
business level useful information is identified from various databases and the
data warehouses are created.
i. Apply systematic analysis on
data.
ii. Identify data structures and
related operations.
iii. Establish data dictionary.
iv. Use information hiding in the
design of data structure.
v. Apply a library of useful data
structures and operations.
15. Name the commonly used architectural styles.
i. Data centered architecture.
ii. Data flow architecture.
iii. Call and return architecture.
iv. Object-oriented architecture.
v. Layered architecture.
16. What is Transform mapping?
The transform mapping is a set of
design steps applied on the DFD in order to map the transformed flow
characteristics into specific architectural style.
17. What is a Real time system?
Real time system is a software
system in which the correct functionalities
of the system are dependent upon results produced by the system and the
time at which these results are produced.
18. What are the objectives of Analysis modeling?
i. To describe what the customer
requires.
ii. To establish a basis for the
creation of software design.
iii. To devise a set of valid requirements after which the software can be
built.
19. What is an Architectural design?
The
architectural design defines the relationship between major structural elements
of the software, the “design patterns” that can be used to achieve the
requirements that have been defined for the system.
20. What is data design?
The data
design transforms the information domain model created during analysis into the
data structures that will be required to implement the software.
21. What is interface design?
The
interface design describes how the software communicates within itself, with
systems that interoperate with it, and with humans who use it.
22. What is component level design?
The
component level design transforms structural elements of the software
architecture into a procedural description of software components.
23. What is software design?
Software
design is an iterative process through which the requirements are translated
into a “blueprint” for constructing the software.
24. What is user interface design?
User
interface design creates an effective communication medium between a human and
a computer.
25. What is system design?
System
design process involves deciding which system capabilities are to be
implemented in software and which in hardware.
26. What are data acquisition systems?
Systems
that collect data from sensors for subsequent processing and analysis are
termed as data acquisition systems. Data collection processes and processing
processes may have different periods and deadlines.
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