1. What is virtual circuit?
In computer networks, a virtual circuit (VC), synonymous with virtual connection and communication service that is delivered by means of packet mode communication. After a connection or virtual circuit is established between two nodes or application processes, a bit stream may be delivered between the nodes; a virtual circuit protocol allows higher level protocols to avoid dealing with the division of data into segments, packets, or frames. Virtual circuit communication resembles circuit switching, since both are connection oriented.
2. What is a datagram?
A datagram is a basic transfer unit associated with a packet-switched network in which the delivery, arrival time, and order of arrival are not guaranteed by the network service. A datagram has the following characteristics: Data is transmitted from source to destination without guarantee of delivery Data is frequently divided into smaller pieces and transmitted without a defined route or guaranteed order of delivery
3. What is the use of TTL packet in IP header?
The time-to-live (TTL) is the number of hops that a packet is permitted to travel before being discarded by a router. Originally TTL was set to a specific number of seconds that the packet would be allowed to live. The TTL is set in an eight binary digit field in the packet header by the sending host and is used to prevent packets from endlessly circulating on the Internet or other network. When forwarding an IP packet, routers are required to decrease the TTL by at least one. If a packet's TTL field reached zero, the router detecting it discards the packet and sends an ICMP (Internet control message protocol) message back to the originating host.
4. What is DHCP?
DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP is a network protocol that enables a server to automatically assign an IP address to a computer from a defined range of IP addresses configured for a given network so that it can communicate on that network using the Internet Protocol (IP). The protocol is implemented in a client-server model, in which DHCP clients request configuration data, such as an IP address, a default route, and one or more DNS server addresses from a DHCP server.
5. What are salient features of IPv6?
Major Features of IPv6: New Packet Format and Header Expanded Addressing (Large address space) Address Autoconfiguration and Neighbor Discovery Header Format Simplification Improved Support for IP Header Options Multicasting Built in Integrated Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)
